Solar panels produce electricity when sunlight strikes the photovoltaic cells on a solar panel. Photovoltaic cells are silicon wafers that capture the photons from the sun’s light. The sun’s energy then travels through cables to the inverter which converts the energy from DC (direct current) power to AC (alternating current) power, which then feeds into your fuse box, and powers your home. The reason DC power must be converted to AC power is because AC power functions on a low voltage and is therefore safe to use within your home. Most systems have remote monitoring so you can be aware of how much power your solar panels are producing at any given moment. There are two types of PV systems:
This is the most commonly used system. By connecting solar panels through your electric meter to the local electric company’s power grid, you gain a flexible way to draw and off-load power. When you produce more power than your home needs, your excess electricity flows into the local grid, turning your electric-meter backwards to earn you credits. When you need additional power, you draw power back from the grid, turning your electric meter forward and utilizing your credits. No batteries are needed for this type of system.
This system is commonly used in remote areas where conventional utility-supplied power is out of reach. Off grid systems can make your home into your personal power plant. This system is also used for equipment which needs electricity to run, but may not be connected to the grid. For example, Water pumps or wells, remote monitoring systems,signs and signals, street lights, and communication. Batteries are needed for off-grid systems so as to provide power when the sun may be down or blocked. These systems provide power 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.